{"id":58,"date":"2022-04-04T09:41:43","date_gmt":"2022-04-04T07:41:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/?page_id=58"},"modified":"2023-02-15T13:30:54","modified_gmt":"2023-02-15T12:30:54","slug":"fyzikalne-okienko-experimenty-2022","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/cvicenia-2022\/fyzikalne-okienko-experimenty-2022\/","title":{"rendered":"Fyzik\u00e1lne okienko &#8211; experimenty"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 id=\"1-meranie-nap\u00e4tia\">1. Meranie nap\u00e4tia<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Potrebn\u00e9 pom\u00f4cky<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Breadboard, Arduino Nano, dupont k\u00e1ble<\/li>\n<li>multimeter alebo senzor nap\u00e4tia (displej s troma \u010d\u00edslami + 3 k\u00e1bliky)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Pozn\u00e1mky<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Zapojenie iba \u010derven\u00e9ho a \u010dierneho k\u00e1bla rozsvieti displej, pridanie \u017elt\u00e9ho zobraz\u00ed meran\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie.<\/li>\n<li>Na displeji by ste mali vidiet hodnotu zhruba 4.7V pri napojen\u00ed Arduina na po\u010d\u00edta\u010d a v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu hodnotu cez adapt\u00e9r v z\u00e1suvke.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Sch\u00e9ma<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-voltmeter.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-59 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-voltmeter-1024x450.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"396\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-voltmeter-1024x450.png 1024w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-voltmeter-300x132.png 300w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-voltmeter-768x338.png 768w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-voltmeter-1536x676.png 1536w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-voltmeter.png 1773w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/iot1-multimeter_bb.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-60 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/iot1-multimeter_bb-1024x739.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"650\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/iot1-multimeter_bb-1024x739.png 1024w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/iot1-multimeter_bb-300x216.png 300w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/iot1-multimeter_bb-768x554.png 768w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/iot1-multimeter_bb-1536x1108.png 1536w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/iot1-multimeter_bb.png 1755w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 id=\"2-identifik\u00e1cia-rezistorov\">2. Identifik\u00e1cia rezistorov<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Potrebn\u00e9 pom\u00f4cky<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rezistory<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hobby-hour.com\/electronics\/resistor_color_code.php\">Kalkula\u010dka odporu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Pozn\u00e1mky<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pozrite si ak\u00e9 rezistory m\u00e1te k dispoz\u00edcii. Hned\u00fd rezistor 10k\u03a9,\u00a0 modr\u00e9: 470\u03a9 a 100\u03a9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 id=\"3-fotorezistor---zmena-odporu-vplyvom-svetla\">3. Fotorezistor &#8211; zmena odporu vplyvom svetla<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Potrebn\u00e9 pom\u00f4cky<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Breadboard, Arduino Nano, dupont k\u00e1ble<\/li>\n<li>Rezistor (\u013eubovo\u013en\u00fd, ja som pou\u017eil napr. 10k\u03a9). V pr\u00edpade, \u017ee nem\u00e1te rezistor, m\u00f4\u017eete pou\u017ei\u0165 potenciometer (prip\u00e1jate vonkaj\u0161ie piny, ten v strede nech\u00e1te nepripojen\u00fd).<\/li>\n<li>Fotorezistor<\/li>\n<li>Multimeter alebo senzor nap\u00e4tia<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Pozn\u00e1mky<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fotorezistor men\u00ed svoj odpor vplyvom zmeny intenzity osvetlenia. To sa prejav\u00ed aj na nap\u00e4t\u00ed (Ohmov z\u00e1kon).<\/li>\n<li>Pod\u013ea nasledovnej sch\u00e9my zapojenia by ste mali mera\u0165 mal\u00fa hodnotu. Ke\u010f na fotorezistor zasvietite svetlom, hodnota sa bude bl\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 k nule. Ke\u010f fotorezistor prikryjete prstom, tak hodnota bude v\u00fdrazne v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia (z\u00e1vis\u00ed to aj od pou\u017eit\u00e9ho rezistora).<\/li>\n<li>V sch\u00e9me s\u00fa pre lep\u0161iu preh\u013eadnos\u0165 zapojen\u00e9 vodorovn\u00e9 l\u00ednie ako 5V a GND. M\u00f4\u017eete to zapoji\u0165 aj priamo &#8211; teda s men\u0161\u00edm po\u010dtom k\u00e1blov.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Sch\u00e9ma<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-fotorezistor.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-65 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-fotorezistor-1024x449.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"395\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-fotorezistor-1024x449.png 1024w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-fotorezistor-300x131.png 300w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-fotorezistor-768x337.png 768w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-fotorezistor-1536x673.png 1536w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-fotorezistor.png 1773w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-fotorezistor-draw.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-66 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-fotorezistor-draw-1024x849.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"746\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-fotorezistor-draw-1024x849.png 1024w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-fotorezistor-draw-300x249.png 300w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-fotorezistor-draw-768x637.png 768w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-fotorezistor-draw-1536x1273.png 1536w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-fotorezistor-draw-2048x1698.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 id=\"4-potenciometer\">4. Potenciometer<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Potrebn\u00e9 pom\u00f4cky<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Breadboard, Arduino Nano, dupont k\u00e1ble<\/li>\n<li>Potenciometer (tie mal\u00e9 \u010dierne maj\u00fa odpor 10k\u03a9, ve\u013ek\u00e9 maj\u00fa ozna\u010denie &#8211; typicky m\u00e1te B10K (10k\u03a9), B100K a pod.)<\/li>\n<li>Rezistor (\u013eubovo\u013en\u00fd)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Pozn\u00e1mky<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Zapojenie je takmer rovnak\u00e9 ako pri fotorezistore, iba \u017elt\u00fd k\u00e1bel na meranie nap\u00e4tia ide na stredn\u00fd pin potenciometra.<\/li>\n<li>Rezistor je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd, lebo pri krajnej polohe potenciometra m\u00f4\u017eete dosta\u0165 nulov\u00fd odpor a bez rezistora to znamen\u00e1 <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">skrat<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li>Meran\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie sa bude pohybova\u0165 od nuly po nejak\u00fa hodnotu v z\u00e1vislosti od pou\u017eit\u00e9ho rezistora.<\/li>\n<li>M\u00f4\u017eete vymeni\u0165 k\u00e1ble na krajn\u00fdch pinoch potenciometra (teda pod\u013ea sch\u00e9my zelen\u00fd a \u010dierny k\u00e1bel). Sledujte zmenu &#8211; nap\u00e4tie bude narasta\u0165 v opa\u010dnom smere ot\u00e1\u010dania.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Sch\u00e9ma<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-potenciometer.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-67 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-potenciometer-1024x449.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"395\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-potenciometer-1024x449.png 1024w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-potenciometer-300x131.png 300w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-potenciometer-768x337.png 768w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-potenciometer-1536x673.png 1536w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-potenciometer.png 1773w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-potenciometer-draw.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-68 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-potenciometer-draw-1024x959.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"843\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-potenciometer-draw-1024x959.png 1024w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-potenciometer-draw-300x281.png 300w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-potenciometer-draw-768x719.png 768w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-potenciometer-draw-1536x1438.png 1536w, https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/18\/2022\/04\/01b-potenciometer-draw-2048x1917.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. Meranie nap\u00e4tia Potrebn\u00e9 pom\u00f4cky Breadboard, Arduino Nano, dupont k\u00e1ble multimeter alebo senzor nap\u00e4tia (displej s troma \u010d\u00edslami + 3 k\u00e1bliky) Pozn\u00e1mky Zapojenie iba \u010derven\u00e9ho a \u010dierneho k\u00e1bla rozsvieti displej,&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":0,"parent":38,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-58","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/58","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/22"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=58"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/58\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":70,"href":"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/58\/revisions\/70"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/38"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ics.science.upjs.sk\/iot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=58"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}